James Blanton (October 5, 1918 – July 30, 1942) was an American jazz double bassist. Blanton is credited with being the originator of more complex pizzicato and arco bass solos in a jazz context than previous bassists. Nicknamed “Jimmie,” Blanton’s nickname is usually misspelled as “Jimmy,” including by Duke Ellington. Blanton left university in 1938 to play full-time in St Louis with the Jeter-Pillars Orchestra. Blanton joined Duke Ellington‘s band in October 1939 when the Ellington Orchestra came to St. Louis for a residence and the band became enamored with Blanton’s playing at local late-night jam sessions. Ellington offered Blanton the job the same night he met him. On November 22 of that year, Blanton and Ellington recorded two tracks – “Blues” and “Plucked Again” – which were the first commercially recorded piano–bass duets. Further duet recordings were made in 1940, and Blanton was also featured in orchestra tracks. In May 1940, the band recorded hits such as “Jack the Bear” and “KoKo” which featured Blanton’s chops. He was soon the talk of the town everywhere the Ellington Orchestra went. He was extremely dedicated to his craft, always practicing. He formed relationships with bass players of local symphonies when on the road. He developed an especially close friendship with tenor saxophonist Ben Webster, who had also recently joined the Ellington Orchestra. During the Summer of 1941, while the Ellington band was performing the landmark musical “Jump for Joy,” Blanton began to show symptoms of tuberculosis. His condition progressively worsened through the fall of 1941, and in November he was forced to leave the band and seek full-time medical care. Blanton died on July 30, 1942, at a sanatorium in Duarte, California, aged 23.