Sam Chatmon (born Vivian Chatmon; January 10, 1897 – February 2, 1983) was a Delta blues guitarist and singer. He was a member of the Mississippi Sheiks. He may have been Charley Patton‘s half-brother.

Chatmon was born in Bolton, Mississippi, United States. Chatmon’s family was well known in Mississippi for their musical talents; he was a member of the family’s string band when he was young. In an interview he stated that he started playing the guitar at the age of three, laying it flat on the floor and crawling under it. A year older and he recalled singing a song including the lyrics “Run down to the river thought I’d jump an’ drown / I thought about the woman I lovin’ and I turn around”. He regularly performed for white audiences in the 1900s.