John Martin Tchicai (/tʃɪˈkaɪ/ chih-KYE; 28 April 1936 – 8 October 2012)  was a Danish free jazzsaxophonist and composer.

Tchicai was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, to a Danish mother and a Congolese father. The family moved to Aarhus, where he studied violin when young, and in his mid-teens began playing clarinet and alto saxophone, focusing on the latter. By the late 1950s, he was travelling around northern Europe, playing with many musicians.